关键词:

酶；诺贝尔奖；辅酶；蛋白质；催化性RNA；核糖核酸酶

Abstract: Enzymes are biological catalysts and involved in almost all life processes by catalyzing chemical reactions. So the studies

on enzyme do not only deepen the understanding of life phenomenon, but also provide new treatments for related diseases. It is the

discovery of cell-free fermentation in 1897 that initiates modern enzymology. From then, several achievements were made including

separation and synthesis of coenzyme, identification on protein nature of enzyme, discovery of catalytic RNA in the following several

decades. In addition, the elucidation of primary structure of ribonuclease is important for connection between the amino acid sequence

and the biologically active conformation, and connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity. These achievements greatly

expand the understanding the nature of enzyme, and scientists who contributed to these were awarded the Nobel Prize.

Key words:

enzyme, Nobel Prize, coenzyme, protein, catalytic RNA, ribonuclease